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Once again, checked: Glyphosate cause deformities in embryos at dilutions 500 times lower than those for agricultural use

broad spectrum herbicide glyphosate is widely used in agriculture worldwide. There was ongoing controversy regarding the possible adverse effects of glyphosate on the environment and the human health. The reports of defects in craniofacial malformations nerves and regions where they are used glyphosate-based herbicides (HBG) led us to an embryological to explore the effects of low doses of glyphosate in development. Xenopus laevis embryos were incubated with dilutions 1 / 5000 of commercial HBG. Treated embryos were grossly abnormal with marked changes in the development of cephalic neural crest and shortening of the anteroposterior axis (AP). The changes in the neural crest markers were correlated later with cranial deformities in the cartilage in tadpole stages. The embryos injected with pure glyphosate showed very similar phenotypes. Furthermore, the HBG produced similar effects in chicken embryos, showing a gradual loss of romboméricos domains, reduction of the optic vesicles, and microcephaly. This suggests that glyphosate itself was responsible for the observed phenotypes, instead of a surfactant or other components of the commercial formulation. An RGA ( Reporter Gene Assay ) revealed that treatment with HBG activity increased endogenous retinoic acid (RA) in Xenopus embryos and the co-treatment with RA antagonist reversed the teratogenic effects of GHB. Therefore, we conclude that the phenotypes produced by HBG are mainly a consequence of increase in endogenous retinoid activity. This is consistent with the decrease of signals Sonic hedgehog (Shh) from the embryonic dorsal midline, with the inhibition of Otx2 expression and disruption of neurocefálica crest development. The direct effect of glyphosate on early mechanisms of morphogenesis in vertebrate embryos opens concerns about the clinical findings of human offspring exposed to HBG populations in agricultural fields.

Translated from Glyphosate-Based Herbicides produces teratogenic Effects on Vertebrates Retinoic Acid Signaling by Impairing "on the link provided by Dario Aranda P/12 , Which in turn points threats and beatings on the Leonesa by one of the researchers who conducted the study, Dr. Andrew Carrasco, with the pressure and the silent complicity of the CONICET and the Ministry of Science and Technology, led to date by Lino Barañao.

Alejandra Paganelli, Victoria Gnazzo, Helen Acosta, Silvia L. Lopez and Andres E. Carrasco *
embryologist Laboratory Molecular, CONICET-UBA, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, 3 rd Floor (1121), Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
Chem Res Toxicol., ASAP Article DOI
: 10.1021/tx1001749
Publication Date (Web): August 9, 2010
Copyright © 2010 American Chemical Society
* Corresponding author. Phone: +5411 5950 9500 ext. 2216. Fax: +5411 5950 9626. E-mail: acarrasco@fmed.uba.ar.